Dépouillements

A Case of Identity : A Technical Study of Victorian Wallpapers in Studies in conservation, Vol.70 N°7-8(2025; October-November) (2025-10-01)  

Public ISBD [article]  inStudies in conservation > Vol.70 N°7-8(2025; October-November) (2025-10-01) . - P. 579-590 Titre : A Case of Identity : A Technical Study of Victorian Wallpapers Type de document : texte imprimé Année de publication : 2025 Article en page(s) : P. 579-590 Langues : Anglais (eng) Catégories : Arsenic -- Toxicologie Microscopie électronique à balayage Papier peint -- Grande-Bretagne -- 19e siècle -- Conservation et restauration Peinture (produit chimique) -- Constituants Pigments -- Toxicologie Spectroscopie des rayons X Spectroscopie Raman Vert de Paris Index. décimale : 7.025 Dommages. Conservation. Protection Résumé : Public perception of arsenic in nineteenth-century Britain encompassed a variety of things: criminal poison, useful medicine, and a raw material for manufacturing an array of goods. During this era, Henry Carr tested wallpaper and fabric samples sent in by private individuals and manufacturers, as part of an early effort in gathering scientific data to inform and protect consumers against chronic arsenic poisoning. In 2022, eight wallpaper samples that Carr had tested were acquired by Winterthur Library. These samples were analyzed by polarized light microscopy, scanning electron microscopy with energy dispersive X-ray spectroscopy, X-ray fluorescence, and Raman spectroscopy to identify the presence of arsenic. Of the eight wallpaper swatches, seven suggested trace-to-elevated levels of both arsenic and copper. Two swatches were confirmed as having the arsenical pigment emerald green (copper acetoarsenite) specifically. Research into these wallpaper samples furthers the legacy of knowledge gathering and sharing in order to protect everyday users by contributing to toxicology research in library and archives materials. En ligne : https://www.tandfonline.com/doi/full/10.1080/00393630.2024.2443713 [article] A Case of Identity : A Technical Study of Victorian Wallpapers [texte imprimé] . - 2025 . - P. 579-590. Langues : Anglais (eng) in Studies in conservation > Vol.70 N°7-8(2025; October-November) (2025-10-01) . - P. 579-590 Catégories : Arsenic -- Toxicologie Microscopie électronique à balayage Papier peint -- Grande-Bretagne -- 19e siècle -- Conservation et restauration Peinture (produit chimique) -- Constituants Pigments -- Toxicologie Spectroscopie des rayons X Spectroscopie Raman Vert de Paris Index. décimale : 7.025 Dommages. Conservation. Protection Résumé : Public perception of arsenic in nineteenth-century Britain encompassed a variety of things: criminal poison, useful medicine, and a raw material for manufacturing an array of goods. During this era, Henry Carr tested wallpaper and fabric samples sent in by private individuals and manufacturers, as part of an early effort in gathering scientific data to inform and protect consumers against chronic arsenic poisoning. In 2022, eight wallpaper samples that Carr had tested were acquired by Winterthur Library. These samples were analyzed by polarized light microscopy, scanning electron microscopy with energy dispersive X-ray spectroscopy, X-ray fluorescence, and Raman spectroscopy to identify the presence of arsenic. Of the eight wallpaper swatches, seven suggested trace-to-elevated levels of both arsenic and copper. Two swatches were confirmed as having the arsenical pigment emerald green (copper acetoarsenite) specifically. Research into these wallpaper samples furthers the legacy of knowledge gathering and sharing in order to protect everyday users by contributing to toxicology research in library and archives materials. En ligne : https://www.tandfonline.com/doi/full/10.1080/00393630.2024.2443713

Dutch Boy Strikes Again! : Lead-Based Watercolors in Paint Books for Children / Brittany Murray in Studies in conservation, Vol.70 N°7-8(2025; October-November) (2025-10-01)  

Public ISBD [article]  inStudies in conservation > Vol.70 N°7-8(2025; October-November) (2025-10-01) . - P. 591-598 Titre : Dutch Boy Strikes Again! : Lead-Based Watercolors in Paint Books for Children Type de document : texte imprimé Auteurs : Brittany Murray (19..-....), Auteur Année de publication : 2025 Article en page(s) : P. 591-598 Langues : Anglais (eng) Catégories : Albums jeunesse -- États-Unis -- 20e siècle -- Conservation et restauration Peinture à base de plomb -- Albums jeunesse -- États-Unis -- 20e siècle Pigments -- 20e siècle -- Teneur en plomb Pigments -- Identification Spectroscopie d'absorption atomique Spectroscopie des rayons X Spectroscopie Raman Index. décimale : 7.025 Dommages. Conservation. Protection Résumé : ‘Dutch Boy White – Lead’ was the trademark of the National Lead Company, the leading manufacturer of lead products in the United States in the early twentieth century. Though there was ample medical literature linking childhood lead poisoning to lead paint, National Lead continued to promote their products to the American public. Dutch Boy produced color-by-paint booklets for children to build generational brand loyalty, reasoning that the ‘children of today are the grown ups of tomorrow.’ The Winterthur Library has seven of these booklets, one of which, the Dutch Boy Conquers Old Man Gloom, required minor conservation treatment. A watercolor palette of the primary colors is in the center of the booklet, and considering the use of lead in house paint, the composition of the watercolors was called into question. Energy dispersive X-ray fluorescence (XRF) and Raman spectroscopy were used to identify the watercolors. Both techniques confirmed the presence of lead (II) chromate in booklets ranging from 1914 to 1929. Atomic absorption spectroscopy was used to quantify the amount of friable lead present, informing the conservation treatment approach. Housings were modified for the health and safety of library staff and researchers. En ligne : https://www.tandfonline.com/doi/full/10.1080/00393630.2024.2447682 [article] Dutch Boy Strikes Again! : Lead-Based Watercolors in Paint Books for Children [texte imprimé] / Brittany Murray (19..-....), Auteur . - 2025 . - P. 591-598. Langues : Anglais (eng) in Studies in conservation > Vol.70 N°7-8(2025; October-November) (2025-10-01) . - P. 591-598 Catégories : Albums jeunesse -- États-Unis -- 20e siècle -- Conservation et restauration Peinture à base de plomb -- Albums jeunesse -- États-Unis -- 20e siècle Pigments -- 20e siècle -- Teneur en plomb Pigments -- Identification Spectroscopie d'absorption atomique Spectroscopie des rayons X Spectroscopie Raman Index. décimale : 7.025 Dommages. Conservation. Protection Résumé : ‘Dutch Boy White – Lead’ was the trademark of the National Lead Company, the leading manufacturer of lead products in the United States in the early twentieth century. Though there was ample medical literature linking childhood lead poisoning to lead paint, National Lead continued to promote their products to the American public. Dutch Boy produced color-by-paint booklets for children to build generational brand loyalty, reasoning that the ‘children of today are the grown ups of tomorrow.’ The Winterthur Library has seven of these booklets, one of which, the Dutch Boy Conquers Old Man Gloom, required minor conservation treatment. A watercolor palette of the primary colors is in the center of the booklet, and considering the use of lead in house paint, the composition of the watercolors was called into question. Energy dispersive X-ray fluorescence (XRF) and Raman spectroscopy were used to identify the watercolors. Both techniques confirmed the presence of lead (II) chromate in booklets ranging from 1914 to 1929. Atomic absorption spectroscopy was used to quantify the amount of friable lead present, informing the conservation treatment approach. Housings were modified for the health and safety of library staff and researchers. En ligne : https://www.tandfonline.com/doi/full/10.1080/00393630.2024.2447682

‘Dash on the Poison' : Analysis of an 1837 Bound Herbarium Laced with Colorless Arsenic Trioxide in Studies in conservation, Vol.70 N°7-8(2025; October-November) (2025-10-01)  

Public ISBD [article]  inStudies in conservation > Vol.70 N°7-8(2025; October-November) (2025-10-01) . - P. 599-611 Titre : ‘Dash on the Poison' : Analysis of an 1837 Bound Herbarium Laced with Colorless Arsenic Trioxide Type de document : texte imprimé Année de publication : 2025 Article en page(s) : P. 599-611 Langues : Anglais (eng) Catégories : Adhésifs -- Toxicologie Anhydride arsénieux Arsenic -- Toxicologie Chlorure mercureux Fourier, Spectroscopie infrarouge à transformée de Herbiers -- États-Unis -- 19e siècle -- Conservation et restauration Herbiers -- Teneur en pesticides -- États-Unis -- 19e siècle Microscopie électronique à balayage Spectroscopie de fluorescence Spectroscopie des rayons X Spectroscopie Raman Index. décimale : 7.025 Dommages. Conservation. Protection Résumé : Herbaria, collections of dried plants, have been essential resources in the study of botany for hundreds of years. Like other natural historians, botanists have always struggled to protect their specimens from insects, and heavy metal pesticides were considered indispensable until relatively recently. Prominent nineteenth-century botanists usually recommended the liberal ‘poisoning’ of dried plant specimens with ‘corrosive sublimate,’ mercury (II) chloride in alcohol, among other pesticides. This study describes the instrumental analysis of a book of dried plant specimens assembled by an anonymous botanist in 1837. It was suspected that the plants in this bound herbarium had been poisoned with corrosive sublimate but, instead, arsenic was identified throughout with X-ray fluorescence (XRF) spectroscopy. Further investigations were made with Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR), micro-Raman spectroscopy, and scanning electron microscopy equipped with energy dispersive X-ray spectroscopy (SEM-EDX), to identify the source of the arsenic in the volume. XRF and SEM-EDX confirmed that a colorless arsenic compound, likely arsenic trioxide, had been dissolved into the gum Arabic adhesive that affixes the plant specimens to each page. The authors are not aware of other instances in which a poisoned adhesive was used to mount herbarium specimens. This botanist’s unusual technique appears to have been largely successful at both securing the plant specimens to the book’s pages and protecting them from insect activity. The ubiquity of arsenic in nineteenth-century life is discussed, in addition to historical pest control measures, and the USA's gradual regulation of arsenic, mercury, and other poisonous substances. En ligne : https://www.tandfonline.com/doi/full/10.1080/00393630.2024.2448101 [article] ‘Dash on the Poison' : Analysis of an 1837 Bound Herbarium Laced with Colorless Arsenic Trioxide [texte imprimé] . - 2025 . - P. 599-611. Langues : Anglais (eng) in Studies in conservation > Vol.70 N°7-8(2025; October-November) (2025-10-01) . - P. 599-611 Catégories : Adhésifs -- Toxicologie Anhydride arsénieux Arsenic -- Toxicologie Chlorure mercureux Fourier, Spectroscopie infrarouge à transformée de Herbiers -- États-Unis -- 19e siècle -- Conservation et restauration Herbiers -- Teneur en pesticides -- États-Unis -- 19e siècle Microscopie électronique à balayage Spectroscopie de fluorescence Spectroscopie des rayons X Spectroscopie Raman Index. décimale : 7.025 Dommages. Conservation. Protection Résumé : Herbaria, collections of dried plants, have been essential resources in the study of botany for hundreds of years. Like other natural historians, botanists have always struggled to protect their specimens from insects, and heavy metal pesticides were considered indispensable until relatively recently. Prominent nineteenth-century botanists usually recommended the liberal ‘poisoning’ of dried plant specimens with ‘corrosive sublimate,’ mercury (II) chloride in alcohol, among other pesticides. This study describes the instrumental analysis of a book of dried plant specimens assembled by an anonymous botanist in 1837. It was suspected that the plants in this bound herbarium had been poisoned with corrosive sublimate but, instead, arsenic was identified throughout with X-ray fluorescence (XRF) spectroscopy. Further investigations were made with Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR), micro-Raman spectroscopy, and scanning electron microscopy equipped with energy dispersive X-ray spectroscopy (SEM-EDX), to identify the source of the arsenic in the volume. XRF and SEM-EDX confirmed that a colorless arsenic compound, likely arsenic trioxide, had been dissolved into the gum Arabic adhesive that affixes the plant specimens to each page. The authors are not aware of other instances in which a poisoned adhesive was used to mount herbarium specimens. This botanist’s unusual technique appears to have been largely successful at both securing the plant specimens to the book’s pages and protecting them from insect activity. The ubiquity of arsenic in nineteenth-century life is discussed, in addition to historical pest control measures, and the USA's gradual regulation of arsenic, mercury, and other poisonous substances. En ligne : https://www.tandfonline.com/doi/full/10.1080/00393630.2024.2448101