Color Under Siege: Material Analysis and Housing of Late Nineteenth-Century Posters from the Siege and Commune of Paris / Jess Ortegon in Studies in conservation, Vol.70 N°7-8(2025; October-November) (2025-10-01)  

Public ISBD [article]  inStudies in conservation > Vol.70 N°7-8(2025; October-November) (2025-10-01) . - P. 620-630 Titre : Color Under Siege: Material Analysis and Housing of Late Nineteenth-Century Posters from the Siege and Commune of Paris Type de document : texte imprimé Auteurs : Jess Ortegon (19..-....), Auteur Année de publication : 2025 Article en page(s) : P. 620-630 Langues : Anglais (eng) Catégories : Affiches politiques -- France -- 19e siècle -- Conservation et restauration Métaux lourds -- Toxicologie Microscopie Microscopie de polarisation Paris (France) -- 1871 (Commune) -- Affiches -- Conservation et restauration Pigments -- Toxicologie Spectroscopie de fluorescence Spectroscopie Raman Index. décimale : 7.025 Dommages. Conservation. Protection Résumé : The Charles Deering McCormick Library of Special Collections at Northwestern University Libraries holds a significant collection of original materials on the Siege and Commune of Paris (ca. 1870-1871) including over 1,000 printed posters. 262 of these posters were printed on colored papers, which present unique material challenges for their preservation. By the 1860s, synthetic dyes and pigments nearly replaced natural colorants historically used in paper production as they were thought to be vastly superior in vibrancy and ease of use. Some synthetic pigments used in the late nineteenth century contain heavy metals such as lead, chromium, and mercury, adding health and safety concerns to treatment and housing considerations. Twenty-eight colored posters from the collection were examined using optical microscopy and X-ray fluorescence spectroscopy (XRF) to investigate their elemental profiles, while five of the 28 posters underwent further examination using polarized light microscopy (PLM) and Raman spectroscopy to identify suspected heavy metal pigments. XRF confirmed the elemental presence of lead and chromium in orange, yellow, green, and peach posters, and Raman analysis identified the pigment chrome yellow in the yellow and green posters. The results obtained were used to inform treatment and housing protocols alongside established institutional guidelines to reduce health and safety risks and address physical condition issues. En ligne : https://www.tandfonline.com/doi/full/10.1080/00393630.2025.2460409#abstract [article] Color Under Siege: Material Analysis and Housing of Late Nineteenth-Century Posters from the Siege and Commune of Paris [texte imprimé] / Jess Ortegon (19..-....), Auteur . - 2025 . - P. 620-630. Langues : Anglais (eng) in Studies in conservation > Vol.70 N°7-8(2025; October-November) (2025-10-01) . - P. 620-630 Catégories : Affiches politiques -- France -- 19e siècle -- Conservation et restauration Métaux lourds -- Toxicologie Microscopie Microscopie de polarisation Paris (France) -- 1871 (Commune) -- Affiches -- Conservation et restauration Pigments -- Toxicologie Spectroscopie de fluorescence Spectroscopie Raman Index. décimale : 7.025 Dommages. Conservation. Protection Résumé : The Charles Deering McCormick Library of Special Collections at Northwestern University Libraries holds a significant collection of original materials on the Siege and Commune of Paris (ca. 1870-1871) including over 1,000 printed posters. 262 of these posters were printed on colored papers, which present unique material challenges for their preservation. By the 1860s, synthetic dyes and pigments nearly replaced natural colorants historically used in paper production as they were thought to be vastly superior in vibrancy and ease of use. Some synthetic pigments used in the late nineteenth century contain heavy metals such as lead, chromium, and mercury, adding health and safety concerns to treatment and housing considerations. Twenty-eight colored posters from the collection were examined using optical microscopy and X-ray fluorescence spectroscopy (XRF) to investigate their elemental profiles, while five of the 28 posters underwent further examination using polarized light microscopy (PLM) and Raman spectroscopy to identify suspected heavy metal pigments. XRF confirmed the elemental presence of lead and chromium in orange, yellow, green, and peach posters, and Raman analysis identified the pigment chrome yellow in the yellow and green posters. The results obtained were used to inform treatment and housing protocols alongside established institutional guidelines to reduce health and safety risks and address physical condition issues. En ligne : https://www.tandfonline.com/doi/full/10.1080/00393630.2025.2460409#abstract

Handling ‘Poison Books’: Dry Versus Wet Scenarios in Studies in conservation, Vol.70 N°7-8(2025; October-November) (2025-10-01)

Public ISBD [article]  inStudies in conservation > Vol.70 N°7-8(2025; October-November) (2025-10-01) . - P. 694-701 Titre : Handling ‘Poison Books’: Dry Versus Wet Scenarios Type de document : texte imprimé Année de publication : 2025 Article en page(s) : P. 694-701 Langues : Anglais (eng) Catégories : Arsenic -- Toxicologie -- Effets des inondations Conservation et restauration -- Méthodologie -- 21e siècle Métaux lourds -- Toxicologie Pigments -- Analyse Pigments -- Toxicologie Reliure -- Matériaux -- Toxicologie -- 19e siècle -- Études de cas Index. décimale : 7.025 Dommages. Conservation. Protection Résumé : Toxic heavy metal pigments are known to be found in nineteenth-century, mass-produced, Euro-American bookbindings. A lack of data, standards, and regulations for exposure to heavy metal pigments in the cultural heritage sector limits understanding of when such bookbindings might present the greatest health and safety risk and how best to assess such risk. This case study measures the friability of arsenic, chromium, and lead based pigments in a sampling of nineteenth-century bookbindings through three scenarios: first, in their naturally aged, intact state; second, during a water event simulation; and third, after salvage and air-drying from the water disaster simulation. The data demonstrate that the risk of exposure to these heavy metals increases during and after a water event, with exposure to arsenic presenting the highest degree of risk. [article] Handling ‘Poison Books’: Dry Versus Wet Scenarios [texte imprimé] . - 2025 . - P. 694-701. Langues : Anglais (eng) in Studies in conservation > Vol.70 N°7-8(2025; October-November) (2025-10-01) . - P. 694-701 Catégories : Arsenic -- Toxicologie -- Effets des inondations Conservation et restauration -- Méthodologie -- 21e siècle Métaux lourds -- Toxicologie Pigments -- Analyse Pigments -- Toxicologie Reliure -- Matériaux -- Toxicologie -- 19e siècle -- Études de cas Index. décimale : 7.025 Dommages. Conservation. Protection Résumé : Toxic heavy metal pigments are known to be found in nineteenth-century, mass-produced, Euro-American bookbindings. A lack of data, standards, and regulations for exposure to heavy metal pigments in the cultural heritage sector limits understanding of when such bookbindings might present the greatest health and safety risk and how best to assess such risk. This case study measures the friability of arsenic, chromium, and lead based pigments in a sampling of nineteenth-century bookbindings through three scenarios: first, in their naturally aged, intact state; second, during a water event simulation; and third, after salvage and air-drying from the water disaster simulation. The data demonstrate that the risk of exposure to these heavy metals increases during and after a water event, with exposure to arsenic presenting the highest degree of risk.

Toxicity in 3D : XRF Analysis for the Presence of Heavy Metals in a Historical Stereograph Collection at Queen’s University Library, Canada in Studies in conservation, Vol.70 N°7-8(2025; October-November) (2025-10-01)  

Public ISBD [article]  inStudies in conservation > Vol.70 N°7-8(2025; October-November) (2025-10-01) . - P. 659-674 Titre : Toxicity in 3D : XRF Analysis for the Presence of Heavy Metals in a Historical Stereograph Collection at Queen’s University Library, Canada Type de document : texte imprimé Année de publication : 2025 Article en page(s) : P. 659-674 Langues : Anglais (eng) Catégories : Arsenic -- Toxicologie Métaux lourds -- Toxicologie Pigments -- Analyse Pigments -- Identification Plomb -- Toxicologie Spectroscopie de fluorescence Spectroscopie des rayons X Stéréogramme -- Canada -- 19e siècle -- Conservation et restauration Stéréogramme -- Canada -- 20e siècle -- Conservation et restauration Stéréogramme -- Histoire Index. décimale : 7.025 Dommages. Conservation. Protection Résumé : This study employs non-destructive X-ray fluorescence (XRF) spectroscopy to identify the presence of potentially harmful heavy metals in a collection of nineteenth century stereographs housed at W.D. Jordan Rare Books and Special Collections at Queen’s University in Kingston, Ontario, Canada. Stereographs were extremely popular forms of entertainment and education in the Victorian era. As a result, they are common in archives, libraries, galleries, museums, and personal collections alike. This article provides an introduction to the history of stereographs, a background on their production, and pXRF analysis into the composition of pigments present on the stereograph mounts. Sixty-nine stereographs were selected for pXRF analysis, dating between 1852 and 1940, with the majority of the stereographs dating prior to 1895. Many of these cards are brightly coloured in greens, oranges, yellows, and pinks. Research revealed that arsenic-based pigment was common among all green stereograph cards analysed, lead-based pigment was common among all orange stereograph cards analysed, and lead- and chromium-based pigments were common among all the yellow cards analysed. However, additional analytical techniques need to be employed for definitive pigment identifications. This study demonstrates that hazardous pigments from the nineteenth century extend beyond wallpapers, books, and textiles and are likely to be pervasive in many heritage workplaces. This research highlights the importance of educating staff who work with archival collections. Understanding the scope of toxic pigments in archival collections is critical to ensuring proper handling, storage, and mitigation strategies to protect both the health of individuals and the integrity of these historically significant artifacts. En ligne : https://www.tandfonline.com/doi/full/10.1080/00393630.2025.2450976 [article] Toxicity in 3D : XRF Analysis for the Presence of Heavy Metals in a Historical Stereograph Collection at Queen’s University Library, Canada [texte imprimé] . - 2025 . - P. 659-674. Langues : Anglais (eng) in Studies in conservation > Vol.70 N°7-8(2025; October-November) (2025-10-01) . - P. 659-674 Catégories : Arsenic -- Toxicologie Métaux lourds -- Toxicologie Pigments -- Analyse Pigments -- Identification Plomb -- Toxicologie Spectroscopie de fluorescence Spectroscopie des rayons X Stéréogramme -- Canada -- 19e siècle -- Conservation et restauration Stéréogramme -- Canada -- 20e siècle -- Conservation et restauration Stéréogramme -- Histoire Index. décimale : 7.025 Dommages. Conservation. Protection Résumé : This study employs non-destructive X-ray fluorescence (XRF) spectroscopy to identify the presence of potentially harmful heavy metals in a collection of nineteenth century stereographs housed at W.D. Jordan Rare Books and Special Collections at Queen’s University in Kingston, Ontario, Canada. Stereographs were extremely popular forms of entertainment and education in the Victorian era. As a result, they are common in archives, libraries, galleries, museums, and personal collections alike. This article provides an introduction to the history of stereographs, a background on their production, and pXRF analysis into the composition of pigments present on the stereograph mounts. Sixty-nine stereographs were selected for pXRF analysis, dating between 1852 and 1940, with the majority of the stereographs dating prior to 1895. Many of these cards are brightly coloured in greens, oranges, yellows, and pinks. Research revealed that arsenic-based pigment was common among all green stereograph cards analysed, lead-based pigment was common among all orange stereograph cards analysed, and lead- and chromium-based pigments were common among all the yellow cards analysed. However, additional analytical techniques need to be employed for definitive pigment identifications. This study demonstrates that hazardous pigments from the nineteenth century extend beyond wallpapers, books, and textiles and are likely to be pervasive in many heritage workplaces. This research highlights the importance of educating staff who work with archival collections. Understanding the scope of toxic pigments in archival collections is critical to ensuring proper handling, storage, and mitigation strategies to protect both the health of individuals and the integrity of these historically significant artifacts. En ligne : https://www.tandfonline.com/doi/full/10.1080/00393630.2025.2450976

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